Research Brief
What Is Semax?
Resposta Rapida
Visao Geral Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) e um(a) sintetico(a) heptapeptide with a sequencia Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro. It was designed by modifying the ACTH(4-7) fragment with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide para aprimorar enzymatic stability.[2] This modification renders o composto aproximadame...
Visao Geral
Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) e um(a) sintetico(a) heptapeptide with a sequencia Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro. It was designed by modifying the ACTH(4-7) fragment with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide para aprimorar enzymatic stability.[2] This modification renders o composto aproximadamente 20 times mais resistant to peptidase degradacao comparado(a) a the native ACTH(4-10) fragment, extending its experimental duration from minutes to 20–24 hours.[3]
O composto is completely devoid do(a) hormonal corticotropic activity associado(a) com full-length ACTH, meaning it nao stimulate adrenal cortisol production.[4] Regulatory records no(a) Russian Federation cite Semax's registration como um(a) pharmaceutical no(a) "Vital and Essential Drugs" list for investigations related to stroke, cognitive disorders, and optic nerve conditions.[5] It is not registered pelo(a) U.S. FDA and has been flagged for immunogenicity concerns in manipulacao contexts.[6]
Semax foi originalmente desenvolvido(a) pelo(a) Institute of Molecular Genetics do(a) Russian Academy of Sciences (IMG RAS).[7] Upon enzymatic degradacao, the PGP tripeptide fragment possesses its own independent experimental activity, incluindo neuroprotetor(a) and anti-ulcer effects, contribuindo para the overall profile of o composto.[8]
Referencias
- Eremin KO, Kudrin VS, Saransaari P, Oja SS, Grivennikov IA, Myasoedov NF, Rayevsky KS. Semax, an ACTH(4-10) Analogue with Nootropic Properties, Activates Dopaminergic and Serotoninergic Brain Systems in Rodents. Neurochemical Research. 2005;30(12):1493–1500.
- Potaman VN, Alfeeva LY, Kamensky AA, Levitzkaya NG, Nezavibatko VN. N-terminal degradacao of ACTH(4-10) e seu(sua) synthetic analog semax pelo(a) rat blood enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991;176(2):741–746.
- Ashmarin IP, Nezavibatko VN, Levitskaya NG, Koshelev VB, Kamensky AA. Design and investigation of an ACTH(4-10) analogue lacking D-aminoacidos and hydrophobic radicals. Neuroscience Research Communications. 1995;16(2):105–112.
- Ashmarin IP, Nezavibatko VN, Myasoedov NF, et al. A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (15 years experience in its design and study). Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti. 1997;47(2):420–430.
- Gusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Chukanova EI. Semax in prevention of disease progress and development of exacerbations in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii. 2005;105(2):35–40.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Substancia Farmaceutica a Granels Used in Compounding Under Section 503B. FDA Compounding Database. 2023.
- Gusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Myasoedov NF, et al. Effectiveness of Semax in agudo(a) period of hemispheric ischemic stroke. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii. 1997;97(6):26–34.
- Kolomin TA, Shadrina M, Slominsky P, Limborska SA, Myasoedov NF. A New Generation of Drugs: Synthetic Peptides Based on Natural Regulatory Peptides. Neuroscience and Medicine. 2013;4(4):223–252.
- Dolotov OV, Karpenko EA, Seredenina TS, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and aumenta levels of BDNF protein in rat basal forebrain. J Neurochem. 2006;97(Suppl 1):82–86.
- Dolotov OV, Karpenko EA, Inozemtseva LS, et al. Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regula BDNF and trkB expression no(a) rat hippocampus. Brain Research. 2006;1117(1):54–60.
- Levitskaya NG, Glazova NY, Sebentsova EA, et al. Investigation do(a) Spectrum of Physiological Activities do(a) Heptapeptide Semax. Neurochemical Journal. 2008;2(1–2):95–101.
- Shadrina MI, Dolotov OV, Grivennikov IA, et al. Rapid induction of neurotrophin mRNAs in rat glial cell cultures by Semax. Neuroscience Letters. 2001;308(2):115–118.
- Filippenkov IB, Stavchansky VV, Denisova AE, et al. Novel Insights no(a) Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Following Cerebral Ischaemia–Reperfusao in Rats. Genes. 2020;11(6):681.
- Medvedeva EV, Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, et al. O peptideo semax affects a expressao of genes related para o(a) immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal isquemia: genome-wide transcricaoal analysis. BMC Genomics. 2014;15:228.
- Stavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Botsina AY, et al. The Effect of Semax and Its C-End Peptide PGP no(a) Morphology and Proliferative Activity of Rat Brain Cells During Experimental Ischemia. J Mol Neurosci. 2011;45(2):177–185.
- Kaplan AY, Kochetova AG, Nezavibatko VN, Ryasina TV, Ashmarin IP. Synthetic ACTH analogue Semax exibe nootropic-like activity in humans. Neuroscience Research Communications. 1996;19(2):115–123.
- Polunin GS, Nurieva SM, Bayandin DL, Sheremet NL. Evaluation of therapeutic effect of novo(a) Russian peptide drug Semax in optic nerve disease. Vestnik Oftalmologii. 2000;116(1):15–18.
- Vorvul AO, Bobyntsev II, Medvedeva OA, et al. Effects of Semax in conditions of agudo(a) and cronico(a) social stress. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti. 2021;71(4):560–570.
- Radchenko AI, Kuzubova EV, Apostol AA, et al. The Potential do(a) Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments no(a) Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Acta Naturae. 2025;17(4):110–120.
- Liu Y, et al. Semax melhora lesao medular via μ-opioid receptor targeting USP18-mediated FTO deubiquitinacao. Front Cell Neurosci. 2025.
- Ivanikov IO. Novel approach to treatment of refractory peptic ulcers using intranasal Semax. Clinical Gastroenterology. 2002.
- Stavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Sevan'kaeva LE, et al. Melanocortin Derivatives Induced Vascularization and Neuroglial Proliferation no(a) Rat Brain under Conditions of Cerebral Ischemia. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024;46(3):2071–2092.
- Volodina MA, Sebentsova EA, Glazova NY, et al. Semax Attenuates the Influence of Neonatal Maternal Deprivation no(a) Behavior of Adolescent White Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2012;152(5):560–563.
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